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A retrospective analysis of children with mild and asymptomatic Omicron infections under 14: A single-center study

Jing Sun1, Haiyan Zhang1, Zhen Yang2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lanzhou Chengguan District People's Hospital, Lanzhou City, China.

Medicine
|February 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study found that older children and those with fewer vaccine doses had longer viral shedding times after Omicron BA.5.2 infection. However, most children recovered well, indicating a good prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on Omicron BA.5.2 subvariant spread in children.
  • Omicron BA.5.2 demonstrates increased transmissibility compared to other Omicron subvariants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze clinical features of Omicron BA.5.2 variant infection in children.
  • To identify factors influencing infection and viral shedding in pediatric cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective collection of mild and asymptomatic Omicron BA.5.2 infected children (<14 years) from a mobile cabin hospital (Oct-Dec 2022).
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations, symptom duration, and nucleic acid negative conversion time.
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses to determine influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • 741 children (57.2% boys) were included; 22.7% asymptomatic, 77.3% mild cases.
  • Upper respiratory tract infection was dominant; fever (80.7%) and cough (52.5%) were common symptoms.
  • Average symptom resolution was 3.76 days; average nucleic acid negative conversion was 12.3 days.
  • Older age correlated with longer negative conversion time; vaccination negatively correlated with conversion time.

Conclusions:

  • Omicron BA.5.2 infection in children presents with mild symptoms, primarily upper respiratory, with good recovery prospects.
  • Age and vaccination status are significant risk factors affecting viral shedding duration in pediatric Omicron BA.5.2 infections.

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