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Autoantibodies in laryngeal cancer: detection and role as a biomarker
Thashani Gunasekera1, Umapriyatharshini Rajagopalan2, Samith Herath3
1Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Objective:
Diagnostic role of autoantibodies (AAb) as serological biomarkers has not been specifically investigated in laryngeal cancer (LC) previously. The study investigates the presence of anti-LC AAbs and their potential as a biomarker for early diagnosis of LC, to improve patient outcome.
Method:
Anti-LC AAb levels were investigated in LC patients (n = 30) and healthy individuals (n = 30) by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patient AAb levels were analyzed with various clinical factors, primarily tumor stage.
Results:
AAb levels were significantly higher in LC patients than in the control group (P = .019). The diagnostic performance of AAb-level testing for LC detection presented a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of 70% each. The positive likelihood (LR+) and negative likelihood (LR-) ratios were 2.33 and 0.43, respectively. AAb levels were independent of cancer stage (P = .708), duration since first appearance of symptoms (P = .228), duration of medical attention (P = .231), and degree of risk-factor exposure (P = .478).
Conclusion:
Significant level of AAbs could be detected among LC patients with good diagnostic performance, irrespective of stage. Thus, anti-LC AAbs reflect potential to be utilized as predictive biomarkers in early diagnostics of LC.
