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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices

Published on: July 28, 2023

Water-Wave Vortices and Skyrmions.

Daria A Smirnova^1,2, Franco Nori^1,3,4, Konstantin Y Bliokh^1,5,6

¹Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.

Physical Review Letters

|February 16, 2024

Summary

Researchers have discovered topological wave structures, like vortices and skyrmions, in water waves for the first time. These findings open new avenues for studying universal wave phenomena and potential applications in microfluidics.

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Area of Science:

Physics
Fluid Dynamics
Topological Matter

Background:

Topological wave structures are crucial in quantum and classical wave fields.
These structures, including vortices, skyrmions, and merons, have not been explored in water-surface waves.
Water waves offer a unique classical system for studying wave phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the existence and properties of topological wave structures in water waves.
To demonstrate the generation of these structures using linear water-wave interference.
To explore potential applications of these findings in fields like microfluidics.

Main Methods:

Experimental generation of water-wave interference patterns.
Observation and characterization of topological structures within these patterns.
Analysis of quantized angular momentum and spin-density vectors.

Main Results:

Successfully described water-wave vortices with quantized angular momentum.
Observed skyrmion lattices from particle displacements in wave interference.
Identified meron lattices formed by spin-density vectors.
Demonstrated spatiotemporal water-wave vortices and skyrmions.

Conclusions:

Topological entities like vortices, skyrmions, and merons can be readily generated in water waves.
Water waves serve as an accessible platform for emulating universal topological wave phenomena.
Findings have potential applications in microfluidics and fundamental wave physics.