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Wear resistance and flexural properties of low force SLA- and DLP-printed splint materials in different printing orientations: An in vitro study

Philipp Simeon¹, Alexey Unkovskiy², Bardia Saadat Sarmadi¹

¹Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Oral Health Sciences CC3, Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

|February 16, 2024

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Wearable Materials

Wear Resistance And Flexural Properties Of Low Force Sla- And Dlp-printed Splint Materials In Different Printing Orientations: An In Vitro Study

This summary is machine-generated.

3D-printed splint materials show wear and flexural properties highly dependent on the material itself, with milled splints outperforming them. Printing orientation has a minor influence, though anisotropy was noted in SLA materials.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Dental Materials Engineering
Additive Manufacturing

Background:

3D printing technologies like Stereolithography (SLA) and Digital Light Processing (DLP) are increasingly used for dental splints.
Understanding the mechanical properties, specifically wear resistance and flexural properties, of these 3D-printed materials is crucial for clinical application.
Comparison with traditional subtractively manufactured splints is necessary to evaluate the advancements in 3D printing.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the influence of material type and printing orientation on the wear resistance and flexural properties of SLA and DLP 3D-printed splint materials.
To compare the performance of these 3D-printed splints against subtractively manufactured splints.

Main Methods:

Three 3D-printed materials (one SLA, two DLP) were printed in three orientations (0°, 45°, 90°).
One milled splint material served as a control.
Two-body wear testing (80,000 cycles, 50N, thermocycling) and three-point bending tests (ISO 20795-1) were conducted.
Statistical analysis included two-way ANOVA and t-tests.

Main Results:

Material type significantly influenced wear and flexural properties for all 3D-printed materials (p < 0.001).
Milled splints demonstrated superior wear resistance and flexural properties compared to all 3D-printed materials (p < 0.001).
Printing orientation had a significant effect on wear depth and volume across groups (p < 0.05) but not consistently on flexural properties.

Conclusions:

Wear behavior and flexural properties are primarily dictated by the 3D-printed material composition.
Currently, subtractively manufactured splints offer better wear resistance and mechanical integrity than 3D-printed alternatives.
While printing orientation has a minor impact, anisotropy was observed in SLA material, suggesting potential optimization through printing parameters.

Keywords:

3D printing DLP Flexural strength Printing orientation SLA Splints Two-body wear