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Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...

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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

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Graphitic Armor: A Natural Molecular Sieve for Robust Hydrogen Electroxidation.

Hai-Wen Chen¹, De-Quan Cao¹, Shi-Jun Xie¹

¹College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|February 17, 2024

Summary

Defective carbon layers act as molecular sieves, blocking poisons like CO and O2 while allowing hydrogen to pass. This enhances the stability and performance of transition metal catalysts in hydrogen reactions.

Keywords:

Hydrogen electroxidation anti-CO-poisoning anti-oxidation graphitic carbon armor molecular sieve

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Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production

Published on: December 6, 2021

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Catalysis
Nanotechnology

Background:

Carbon coating layers enhance transition metal catalyst performance, often attributed to electronic synergy.
Robust catalysts are needed for hydrogen-relevant processes, particularly those resistant to poisoning.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of defective graphitic carbon as a molecular sieve in catalysis.
To elucidate the mechanism by which carbon layers protect metal catalysts from poisons.

Main Methods:

Characterization of defective graphitic carbon with a specific interlayer gap (0.342 nm).
Analysis of diffusion properties for hydrogen, CO, and O2 through the carbon layer.
Evaluation of catalyst performance and poisoning tolerance in hydrogen-relevant reactions.

Main Results:

Defective graphitic carbon functions as a selective molecular sieve due to its 0.342 nm interlayer gap.
The sieve allows efficient hydrogen diffusion but sterically hinders larger molecules like CO and O2.
Poisonous species larger than 0.342 nm are excluded, preserving metal-hydrogen interactions and catalyst activity.

Conclusions:

Defective graphitic carbon acts as a natural molecular sieve, offering a novel protection mechanism for catalysts.
This sieving effect enhances catalyst robustness against oxidation and CO-poisoning in hydrogen-based applications.
The findings provide a new strategy for designing durable and selective metal catalysts.