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Prime editing in plants: prospects and challenges.

Sanskriti Vats1,2,3, Jitesh Kumar3,4, Humira Sonah1

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|February 17, 2024
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Prime editing offers precise genome editing without double-strand breaks (DSBs), enabling diverse mutations for crop improvement. This review details prime editor evolution and plant applications, addressing efficiency challenges.

Keywords:
CRISPRdesigner cropsgenome editingmismatch DNA repairpegRNAprecise genetic engineeringprime editing

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Plant Biotechnology
  • Genome Editing

Background:

  • Prime editing is a novel reverse transcriptase (RT)-based genome editing technology.
  • It employs double-strand break (DSB)-free mechanisms to enhance precision and efficiency in targeted DNA modifications.
  • The rapid development of multiple prime editor versions highlights its significant potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current status of prime editing technologies, including prime editor 5 and twin prime editors.
  • To systematically analyze the application and development of prime editing in plants.
  • To discuss factors influencing prime editing efficiency in plants and identify future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of prime editing technologies and their plant applications.
  • Analysis of factors affecting prime editing efficiency, such as temperature, prime editing guide (peg)RNA, and RT template.
  • Discussion of current challenges and potential solutions for improving prime editing in plants.

Main Results:

  • Prime editing enables all mutation types (deletions, insertions, transitions, transversions) with high precision.
  • Various prime editor versions have been developed, expanding its utility.
  • Key factors influencing plant prime editing efficiency have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Prime editing overcomes limitations of previous gene editing technologies for biotechnological applications, particularly in crop design.
  • Further research is needed to optimize prime editing efficiency and overcome existing challenges in plants.
  • Future improvements hold promise for advancing plant genetic engineering and crop development.