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A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
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Physiological function and regulation of ascorbate peroxidase isoforms.

Kazuya Yoshimura1, Takahiro Ishikawa2

  • 1Department of Food and Nutritional Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.

Journal of Experimental Botany
|February 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a key plant enzyme that scavenges hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This review details APX

Keywords:
Ascorbate peroxidasealternative splicingisoformspost-translational regulationreactive oxygen speciesredoxtranscriptional regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a crucial plant enzyme involved in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle.
  • APX detoxifies hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water (H2O) using ascorbate as an electron donor.
  • It is found in various plant organelles, including chloroplasts, cytosol, mitochondria, and peroxisomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological roles of APX isoforms beyond simple antioxidant activity.
  • To summarize the intricate regulation mechanisms governing APX gene expression and enzyme activity.
  • To highlight APX's function in intracellular redox balance and signal transduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular physiological analyses on APX.
  • Synthesis of data on APX isoform functions and regulatory pathways.
  • Analysis of transcriptional and post-translational regulation of APX.

Main Results:

  • APX isoforms act as critical regulators of intracellular redox state through reactive oxygen species metabolism.
  • APX function is modulated at multiple levels, including gene transcription and post-translational modifications.
  • These regulatory mechanisms enable plants to adapt to environmental changes and physiological processes.

Conclusions:

  • APX is a multifunctional enzyme vital for plant antioxidant defense and redox signaling.
  • Understanding APX regulation is key to comprehending plant responses to stress and development.
  • Further research into APX isoforms will illuminate their specific contributions to plant life.