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Aberrant heartbeat-evoked potential in schizophrenia.

Akihiro Koreki¹, Kamiyu Ogyu², Takahiro Miyazaki³

¹Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Chiba-Higashi Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

|February 18, 2024

Summary

Patients with schizophrenia exhibit altered cortical interoceptive processing, specifically a positive shift in resting-state heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEPs) in frontal regions. This finding suggests a potential neural marker for schizophrenia, though not directly correlated with symptom severity.

Keywords:

Electroencephalogram HEP Interoception Schizophrenia Self-disturbances

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Cognitive Science

Background:

Self-disturbance is a core psychopathology in schizophrenia.
Abnormal interoception is implicated in self-disturbance, but cortical processing remains understudied.
Heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEPs) index cortical interoceptive processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate resting-state HEPs in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls.
To explore the relationship between HEPs and schizophrenia psychopathology.
To determine if HEP alterations represent a trait marker in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) study.
Compared resting-state HEPs in 61 schizophrenia patients and 31 healthy controls.
Analyzed HEPs in the 450–500 ms window post-R peak, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

Schizophrenia patients showed a significant positive HEP shift in frontal-central regions (p=0.008).
The most significant differences were observed in the right frontal area (p=0.002), peaking at F4 (p<0.001).
No correlation was found between HEP alterations and symptom severity.

Conclusions:

Altered cortical interoceptive processing, indicated by a positive late HEP shift, may be a trait abnormality in schizophrenia.
HEP alterations could provide insights into the neural basis of self-disturbance in schizophrenia.
Further research is needed to link HEPs to self-disturbance mechanisms.