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Updated: Jul 2, 2025
Author Spotlight: Advancing Early Detection and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors
Published on: February 16, 2024
Factors associated with gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: A multicenter case-control study
Kwangwoo Nam1, Su Youn Nam2, Jun Chul Park3
1Department of Gastroenterology, Dankook University Hospital, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea.
Background And Aims:
The incidence of gastric and duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (GNET and DNET, respectively) is increasing, however associated factors of these diseases are not well known. Here, we investigated the factors associated with GNET and DNET.
Methods:
Patients with GNET and DNET presenting at eight tertiary referral centers between 2001 and 2020 were included and compared with healthy controls who underwent upper endoscopic screening. Clinical factors and laboratory data were analyzed to determine associated factors of GNET and DNET.
Results:
Overall, 396 patients with GNET and 193 patients with DNET were included and compared with 1725 healthy controls. Multivariate analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.98), diabetes (OR 1.72), hypertension (OR 1.97), low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (OR 2.54), and past/present H. pylori infection (OR 1.46) were significantly associated with GNET. In contrast, DNET was significantly associated with diabetes (OR 1.80), hypertension (OR 1.68), low serum HDL-C levels (OR 2.29), and past/present H. pylori infection (OR 5.42). In the sex-based subgroup analysis in GNET, current smoking was strongly associated in women (OR 9.85), but not in men.
Conclusions:
This study identified several common metabolic factors associated with GNET and DNET. Additionally, some factors had sex-specific associations.
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