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Simulation study on creep deformation of the impeller in lead-bismuth eutectic environment through fluid-solid

Cheng Gu1,2, Weili Peng1, Zenghui Tian1

  • 1College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.

Heliyon
|February 19, 2024
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Summary

Nuclear main pump impellers in lead-based reactors face damage risks. This study shows impellers can operate reliably for five years in liquid lead-bismuth, with stress below material limits.

Keywords:
CreepFluid-solid couplingLiquid lead-bismuthNuclear main pumpsStress deformation

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Lead-based reactors utilize liquid lead or lead-bismuth alloys as coolants.
  • The main pump impeller is critical but vulnerable to damage from heavy metal liquid flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the stress, deformation, and creep of nuclear main pump impellers in a liquid lead-bismuth environment.
  • To assess the impeller's durability and operational safety.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized ANSYS and FLUENT software for fluid-solid coupling analysis.
  • Investigated impeller performance under simulated operating conditions.

Main Results:

  • Maximum equivalent force occurred at the blade-hub junction, indicating fatigue damage susceptibility.
  • Stress, deformation, and creep increased with rotational speed.
  • At 0.64 m/s and 690 r/min, maximum stress (16.7 MPa) and deformation (<0.63 mm) were within safe limits for 316L stainless steel.

Conclusions:

  • The impeller junction is prone to stress concentration and fatigue.
  • Impeller creep over five years ranged from 0.228% to 0.447%.
  • The nuclear main pump impeller demonstrates reliable five-year operational capability in liquid lead-bismuth environments.