The effect of Annona muricata (Graviola) on the prevention of brain damage due to ionizing radiation in rats

Ozlem Elmas ¹, Emrah Keskin ², Havva Hande Keser Sahin ³

¹Department of Radiation Oncology, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
²Department of Neurosurgery, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
³Department of Pathology, University Corum Training and Research Hospital, Corum, Turkey.
⁴Department of Biochemistry, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.
⁵Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
⁶Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia.
⁷Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
⁸Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
⁹Istinye University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Computer Engineering Department, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey.
¹⁰INPOLDE Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania.

⁰Department of Radiation Oncology, Bulent Ecevit University Practice and Research Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey.

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February 19, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Annona Muricata (AM) leaf extract helps prevent brain damage from ionizing radiation (IR). AM treatment reduced inflammation and oxidative stress in rats exposed to IR, showing similar results to controls.

Area Of Science

Neuroscience
Radiology
Pharmacology

Background

Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure can cause significant brain damage.
Oxidative stress and inflammation are key mechanisms in IR-induced brain injury.
Developing radioprotective agents is crucial for mitigating radiation-related neurological damage.

Purpose Of The Study

To investigate the protective effects of Annona Muricata (AM) leaf extract against ionizing radiation (IR)-induced brain damage.
To evaluate the impact of AM on histomorphological changes and oxidative stress markers in the brain following IR exposure.

Main Methods

The study utilized 28 adult female Wistar Albino rats, divided into four groups: Control, AM extract only, IR exposure only, and AM extract + IR exposure.
Histomorphological analysis was performed to assess astrocyte hypertrophy, microglial reaction, and inflammatory responses.
Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as an indicator of oxidative damage.

Main Results

IR exposure significantly increased astrocyte hypertrophy, microglial reaction, and inflammatory levels compared to control and AM groups (P < 0.001).
Edema and MDA levels were significantly elevated in the IR group versus control and AM groups (P=0.001, P=0.006, respectively).
The AM + IR group showed similar histomorphology and oxidant damage levels to the control group, indicating a protective effect.

Conclusions

Annona Muricata (AM) leaf extract demonstrates significant radioprotective potential against brain damage induced by ionizing radiation.
AM ameliorates IR-induced histomorphological alterations and oxidative stress, suggesting its utility as a neuroprotective agent.

Keywords:

Acute brain injuries Annona muricata Ionizing Preventative care radiation