Low Handgrip Strength (Possible Sarcopenia) With Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Tsubasa Tajima1, Hideyoshi Kaga1, Yuki Someya2
1Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
Older East Asians with possible sarcopenia and insulin resistance (IR) face a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The combination of sarcopenia and IR showed the strongest association with T2DM in this population.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Diseases
Background:
- Sarcopenic obesity increases type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in older adults.
- East Asians often present with insulin resistance (IR) without obesity, suggesting a different risk profile for T2DM.
- The relationship between sarcopenia, IR, and T2DM in older East Asians remains understudied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between possible sarcopenia, insulin resistance (IR), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older Japanese individuals.
- To determine if the coexistence of sarcopenia and IR amplifies the risk of T2DM.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study of 1629 older adults (65-84 years) from the Bunkyo Health Study.
- Participants underwent oral glucose tolerance tests and handgrip strength measurements.
- Possible sarcopenia and IR were defined using handgrip strength and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, respectively; modified Poisson regression analyzed T2DM risk.
Main Results:
- T2DM was diagnosed in 13.0% of participants.
- Possible sarcopenia (RR, 1.55) and IR (RR, 2.69) were independently associated with T2DM after adjusting for confounders.
- The coexistence of possible sarcopenia and IR showed a significantly stronger association with T2DM (RR, 4.76).
Conclusions:
- Possible sarcopenia and IR are independent risk factors for T2DM in older Japanese adults.
- The combined presence of possible sarcopenia and IR presents a substantially elevated risk for developing T2DM.
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