Effect of lead-free glass on the current transmission method at the Ag/Si interface in crystalline silicon solar...

Environmental protection mandates have spurred the widespread adoption of lead-free glass in electronic material adhesion. Glass powder, crucial for solar silver paste, notably affects the ohmic contact at the Ag-Si interface of crystalline silicon solar cells. This study examines how TeO₂ content influences the high-temperature flowability and wettability of lead-free Bi₂O₃-TeO₂-based glass powder, alongside the interplay between the glass's thermal properties and interface contact. Additionally, it investigates the Bi₂O₃-TeO₂ ratio's impact on current transmission through the interfacial glass layer. Experimental results show that the synthesized glass powder exhibits superior high-temperature flowability and wettability, with a low contact resistance of 1.5 mΩ cm² in silver paste applications. This study also proposes an optimal approach for enhancing current transmission through the interfacial glass layer. Consequently, this glass powder is highly valuable for c-Si solar cell silver paste applications, offering novel insights into improving current transmission efficiency.