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Using choroidal thickness to detect myopic macular degeneration.

Ran Liu1,2, Meng Xuan1, De-Cai Wang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong Province, China.

International Journal of Ophthalmology
|February 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Choroidal thickness measured by SS-OCT effectively detects myopic macular degeneration (MMD) in high myopia. Nasal sector thickness is a more precise indicator than age, axial length, or spherical equivalent.

Keywords:
choroidal thicknesshigh myopiamyopic macular degenerationswept-source optical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Retinal Diseases

Background:

  • High myopia is associated with increased risk of myopic macular degeneration (MMD).
  • Accurate detection of MMD is crucial for timely intervention and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of choroidal thickness measurements using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) in identifying MMD.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of choroidal thickness with traditional biometric parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Participants with high myopia (≤-6 diopters) underwent SS-OCT for choroidal thickness assessment.
  • Myopic maculopathy was classified using the International Meta-Analysis for Pathologic Myopia (META-PM) criteria.
  • Presence of MMD was defined as META-PM category 2 or higher.

Main Results:

  • Eyes with MMD exhibited reduced choroidal thickness across all ETDRS grid sectors (P<0.001).
  • Subfoveal choroidal thickness showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.907).
  • Nasal sector choroidal thickness (inner: 0.928, outer: 0.923) demonstrated superior MMD detection compared to age, axial length, and spherical equivalent.

Conclusions:

  • Choroidal thickness, especially in the nasal sectors, is a highly accurate biometric parameter for detecting MMD in high myopia.
  • This measurement offers greater precision than age, axial length, or spherical equivalent for MMD diagnosis.