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Related Experiment Video

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Eomesodermin-expressing CD4+ Th cells and association with pregnancy in multiple sclerosis.

Simon Faissner1, Marielena Bongert2, Paulina Trendelenburg2

  • 1Department of Neurology, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef-Hospital, Gudrunstr. 56, Bochum 44791, Germany.

Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders
|February 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancy in multiple sclerosis (MS) alters immune cells, with Eomesodermin-positive T-helper (Eomes+ Th) cells correlating with postpartum disability. These findings suggest a primed inflammatory state during late pregnancy contributes to postpartum MS progression.

Keywords:
Eomesodermin+ Th cellsmultiple sclerosispregnancyprogression independent of relapse activity

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse rates decrease during pregnancy but increase postpartum.
  • Eomesodermin-positive T-helper (Eomes+ Th) cells are implicated in MS neuroinflammation and disease progression.
  • The role of Eomes+ Th cells in MS during pregnancy and postpartum is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate immune cell alterations in pregnant and postpartum patients with MS.
  • To determine the pathophysiological role of Eomes+ Th cells in MS disease activity during pregnancy and postpartum.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immune cell populations in 81 pregnant, 27 postpartum, and 26 control female MS patients.
  • Utilized flow cytometry to analyze immune cell alterations.
  • Collected clinical data and assessed disability using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Main Results:

  • Postpartum MS patients showed elevated CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells and reduced B-cells compared to non-pregnant controls.
  • Natural killer (NK) cells were elevated in the first trimester compared to the third trimester.
  • Eomes+ Th cells correlated with reduced regulatory T-cells and increased B-cells during late pregnancy, and strongly correlated with postpartum disability (EDSS).

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancy in MS is associated with significant immunological shifts.
  • Eomes+ Th cells play a role in immune alterations during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters.
  • The inflammatory environment primed during late pregnancy may contribute to postpartum disability accumulation in MS.