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Association Between Staphylococcus Aureus Colonization and Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and
Phoomphut Sangaphunchai1, Chawan Kritsanaviparkporn1, Arucha Treesirichod1
1From the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Rangsit-Nakhonnayok Road, Ongkharak, Nakhonnayok, Thailand.
Insights
Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) show significantly higher rates of Staphylococcus aureus skin and nasal colonization compared to healthy individuals. This highlights a key association in pediatric AD exacerbations.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Microbiology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition prevalent in early childhood.
- Acute exacerbations of AD are often linked to Staphylococcus aureus colonization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization in the skin and nasal passages of children with atopic dermatitis.
- To quantify the prevalence and odds of S. aureus colonization in pediatric AD patients compared to controls.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.
- Included studies compared pediatric atopic dermatitis patients (≤18 years) with non-diseased controls.
- A random-effects model was employed to determine pooled prevalence and odds ratios for S. aureus colonization.
Main Results:
- The meta-analysis included 2,670 cases and 1,224 controls across 26 studies.
- S. aureus colonization was significantly higher in atopic dermatitis patients on eczematous skin (OR: 10.55) and in the nasal cavity (OR: 2.38).
- Pooled prevalence for S. aureus colonization was 55.0% on eczematous skin, 23.3% on nonlesional skin, and 56.3% in the nasal cavity. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) rates were 11.6% in nares and 8.5% on eczematous skin.
Conclusions:
- Children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis exhibit a greater susceptibility to S. aureus colonization on both skin and in the nasal cavity compared to their non-diseased counterparts.
- Findings underscore the significant role of S. aureus in the pathophysiology of pediatric atopic dermatitis.
Background:
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition common in early childhood. Acute exacerbation is frequently associated with Staphylococcus aureus colonization.
Aims And Objectives:
This study aims to explore the relationship between S. aureus skin and nasal colonization with pediatric atopic dermatitis.
Methods:
A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by comparing atopic dermatitis patients aged ≤18 years and nondiseased controls. A random-effects model was used to obtain the pooled prevalence and odds ratio of S. aureus colonization at eczematous skin, nonlesional skin, and nasal cavity. Subgroup analyses for colonization with methicillin-resistant S. aureus were also evaluated.
Results:
A total of 2,670 cases and 1,224 controls from 26 studies were included in the meta-analysis. S. aureus colonization at eczematous skin and nasal cavity is significantly higher in atopic dermatitis compared to control with odds ratios of 10.55 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 4.85-22.92, P < .001) and 2.38 (nasal cavity; 95% CI; 1.46-3.90, P < .001), respectively. The pooled prevalence of skin and nasal colonization were 55.0% (eczematous skin; 95% CI; 38.3-71.7), 23.3% (nonlesional skin; 95% CI; 12.6-33.9), and 56.3% (95% CI; 43.2-69.4), respectively. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strain was obtained from the nares and eczematous skin with rates of 11.6% (95% CI; 6.5-16.7) and 8.5% (95% CI; 4.3-12.8), respectively.
Conclusion:
Children with atopic dermatitis are more prone to skin and nasal colonization by S. aureus compared to nondiseased individuals.
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