Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2025
11:05
Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
Published on: July 7, 2014
37.2K
Interactions between zinc and NRF2 in vascular redox signalling
Fan Yang1, Matthew J Smith1, Richard C M Siow1
1School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, King's British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, U.K.
Biochemical Society Transactions
|February 19, 2024
Summary
Zinc (Zn) is crucial for vascular health, influencing endothelial function and antioxidant responses. This review explores the intricate relationship between zinc, reactive oxygen species, and the NRF2 pathway in vascular cells.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Cellular Redox Homeostasis
- Trace Metal Metabolism
Background:
- Zinc (Zn2+) is vital for vascular health, modulating endothelial nitric oxide synthase and protecting against oxidative stress.
- Both zinc deficiency and excess can negatively impact endothelial cells, leading to inflammation or apoptosis.
- Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a key transcription factor regulating cellular responses to oxidative stress.
Conclusions:
- Zinc plays a multifaceted role in vascular cell adaptation to oxidative stress, largely mediated through NRF2 signaling.
- Understanding the zinc-NRF2 axis offers potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases.
- Further research into the dynamic regulation of zinc and NRF2 is warranted for clinical applications.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
3.0K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
3.0K
01:46Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
13.3K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
13.3K
01:24Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.6K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.6K
01:29Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂
11.5K
The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
11.5K
01:31Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
1.3K
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
1.3K
01:23Redox Equilibria: Overview
564
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
564