Ethnic disparities and its association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness and cardiometabolic parameters

Excessive deposit of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) were recently shown to be positively correlated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to investigate the thickness of EAT and its association with the components of metabolic syndrome among multi-ethnic Malaysians with and without acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A total of 213 patients were recruited, with the thickness of EAT were quantified non-invasively using standard two-dimensional echocardiography. EAT thickness among the Malaysian population was prompted by several demographic factors and medical comorbidities, particularly T2DM and dyslipidaemia. ACS patients have significantly thicker EAT compared to those without ACS (4.1 mm vs 3.7 mm, p = 0.035). Interestingly, among all the races, Chinese had the thickest EAT distribution (4.6 mm vs 3.8 mm), with age (p = 0.04 vs p < 0.001), and overall diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.028) was also found to be associated with EAT thickness. Further study is warranted to investigate its role as a cardiovascular risk marker among Malaysians with ACS.