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Cerebral Necrotizing Encephalopathy in a 7-year-old Child after being Infected with COVID-19, A Case Report

Zahra Movahedi1, Mohsen Mollamohammadi2, Masoud Hassanvand Amouzadeh3

  • 1Department of PediatricInfectious Disease, ، ClinicalResearch of Development Unit,Hazrat-eFateme MasoumeHospital, Qom University ofMedical Sciences, Qom, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|February 20, 2024
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 can cause rare but severe brain complications in children, such as acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC). Early diagnosis through clinical examination and imaging is crucial for managing this serious neurological condition.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presents global health challenges, with respiratory symptoms being most common.
  • Neurological complications of COVID-19 are documented in adults but are less frequently reported in pediatric cases.

Observation:

  • A 7-year-old boy developed acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) following a COVID-19 infection.
  • The patient presented with convulsions, a rare neurological manifestation in children with COVID-19.

Findings:

  • ANEC is a severe brain complication associated with COVID-19, often carrying a poor prognosis in children.
  • Diagnostic tools including clinical assessment, MRI, and CT scans are vital for identifying ANEC.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering ANEC in pediatric COVID-19 patients presenting with neurological symptoms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for improving outcomes in children with COVID-19-related encephalopathy.

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildhoodEncephalopathySeizure

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