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Differences in Provider Hepatitis C Virus Screening Recommendations by Patient Risk Status.

Alfu Laily1, Robert Duncan2, Kaitlyn M Gabhart3

  • 1Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, 820 Mitch Daniels Blvd, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthcare providers are not consistently recommending Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) screening for all patients, despite its importance in preventive care. This study highlights disparities in screening recommendations based on patient risk factors.

Keywords:
Average riskHepatitis C virusHigh riskProvidersRecommendationScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Provider recommendations are crucial for patient engagement in preventive care services.
  • Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) screening is a key preventive measure, but its recommendation quality varies.
  • Understanding disparities in HCV screening recommendations is essential for improving public health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the quality of HCV screening recommendations made by healthcare providers to high-risk versus average-risk patients.
  • To determine if providers universally recommend HCV screening irrespective of patient risk behaviors.
  • To identify factors influencing the strength and quality of HCV screening recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 284 healthcare providers in Indiana in 2020.
  • Data collected included provider characteristics, HCV screening recommendation practices (strength, presentation, frequency, timeliness), self-efficacy, and perceived barriers.
  • Statistical analyses included T-tests, Chi-square tests, prevalence ratios, and logistic regression to compare recommendation quality between patient risk groups.

Main Results:

  • High-risk patients received significantly higher proportions of strong, routine, frequent, and timely HCV screening recommendations compared to average-risk patients (P < 0.001).
  • Nurse practitioners were less likely to provide strong HCV screening recommendations to high-risk patients compared to other provider types.
  • For high-risk patients, provider self-efficacy positively correlated with strong recommendations, while perceived barriers and internal medicine specialty were associated with lower odds of strong recommendations.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare providers do not universally recommend HCV screening for all adults, indicating a gap in consistent application of preventive care guidelines.
  • Disparities in recommendation quality exist based on patient risk status and provider characteristics.
  • Future interventions should focus on improving the consistency and quality of HCV screening recommendations across all patient risk levels.