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How Do Patients and Otolaryngologists Define Dizziness?

Brianna L Murphy1, Jakob L Fischer1,2, Anthony M Tolisano1,2

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology
|February 20, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Patients and otolaryngologists share similar views on dizziness related to imbalance, lightheadedness, and motion. However, patients more frequently associate dizziness with vision or pain symptoms, highlighting communication gaps.

Keywords:
definition of termsdizzinesshealth literacypatient-provider communicationsymptom descriptionword-association

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical Semantics
  • Patient Communication

Background:

  • Dizziness is a common and complex symptom.
  • Understanding patient and clinician definitions of dizziness is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
  • Previous research has not fully explored the semantic nuances between patient and physician perceptions of dizziness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare how patients and otolaryngologists define the term "dizziness."
  • To identify differences in symptom domain perception between patients and clinicians.
  • To explore geographic variations in patient definitions of dizziness.

Main Methods:

  • A semantics-based questionnaire was administered to 271 patients and 31 otolaryngologists across 5 academic institutions in the US.
  • Participants defined "dizziness" using 20 descriptors across 5 symptom domains: imbalance, lightheadedness, motion, vision, and pain.
  • Differences in domain selection between patients and clinicians were analyzed, along with geographic variations.

Main Results:

  • Patients and otolaryngologists similarly utilized terms from the imbalance, lightheadedness, and motion-related domains.
  • Patients were significantly more likely than clinicians to include vision-related (23.6% difference) and pain-related (18.2% difference) terms in their definitions of dizziness.
  • Minor geographic variations were observed in patient-reported dizziness symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • While core dizziness symptoms overlap, patients incorporate vision and pain more frequently than otolaryngologists.
  • Recognizing these semantic differences can improve patient-clinician communication regarding dizziness.
  • Further research into these perceptual disparities may lead to better diagnostic tools and patient care.