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Classifying Studies on Workplace Violence for Visiting Nurses Using the Social-Ecological Model: A Scoping Review
Eunjoo Kim1,2, Juna Lee3
1College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.
Journal of Community Health Nursing
|February 20, 2024
Summary
Workplace violence against visiting nurses (VNs) is a significant concern. Research predominantly focuses on individual and community factors, neglecting relationship and societal aspects, highlighting a critical gap in prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nursing Research
- Occupational Safety
Background:
- Workplace violence (WV) poses a significant risk to visiting nurses (VNs).
- The social-ecological model (SEM) provides a framework for understanding multilevel influences on health behaviors and outcomes.
- Existing literature on WV against VNs requires comprehensive analysis to identify research and policy gaps.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify studies on workplace violence (WV) targeting visiting nurses (VNs).
- To examine influencing factors of WV against VNs through the lens of the social-ecological model (SEM).
- To identify research and policy gaps and propose future directions for preventing WV against VNs.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage protocol.
- Systematic and manual searches were performed in English and Korean databases.
- Sixty relevant journal articles and editorials on WV against VNs were included.
Main Results:
- The majority of studies (86.7%) focused on individual factors, and a substantial portion (66.7%) addressed community factors.
- Fewer studies investigated relationship (21.7%) and societal (16.7%) levels of the SEM.
- Empirical research on WV against VNs emerged primarily after the 2000s, with earlier literature dominated by editorials.
Conclusions:
- A significant research gap exists, particularly concerning relationship and societal factors in WV against VNs.
- Current prevention strategies often emphasize individual-centered training, with limited development in risk assessment tools and relational training.
- A comprehensive, multilevel approach integrating all SEM levels is advocated to enhance safety for VNs.
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