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  7. Oncology And Carcinogenesis
  9. Predictive And Prognostic Markers
  11. Clinico-epidemiological Profile And Treatment Outcome In Adolescents And Young Patients Of Rectal Cancer Attending A Tertiary Cancer Center

Clinico-epidemiological profile and treatment outcome in adolescents and young patients of rectal cancer attending a tertiary cancer center

Ritusha Mishra1, Ankita Pandey1, Himanshu Mishra1

  • 1Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Medicine, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|February 20, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young adults with rectal cancer face aggressive disease and poorer prognosis. Early detection of rectal bleeding and complete treatment, including radiotherapy, significantly improve survival outcomes in this growing patient group.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer incidence is rising in young adults, presenting with more aggressive disease and poorer prognosis.
  • Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with rectal cancer represent a unique patient subgroup requiring specific clinical attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of rectal cancer in AYAs at a North Indian tertiary cancer center.
  • To identify key factors influencing survival in young patients diagnosed with rectal cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 50 patients (age ≤ 30 years) with histologically confirmed rectal cancer treated between 2015-2019.
  • Evaluation of clinical, demographic, and pathological parameters.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariate analysis to determine prognostic factors.

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Main Results:

  • Rectal cancer incidence in AYAs was 26.4% at the center, with a median age of 28 years.
  • Common symptoms included rectal bleeding; signet ring cell histology was prevalent (26%).
  • Survival was significantly better with early rectal bleeding presentation, absence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI), complete treatment, and radiotherapy (RT) (50.4 Gy optimal dose).

Conclusions:

  • Most young patients present with advanced-stage rectal cancer.
  • Timely investigation of rectal bleeding in young individuals is crucial for early detection.
  • Complete treatment, particularly radiotherapy, is paramount for improving survival outcomes in AYAs with rectal cancer.