Primary results of the brazilian registry of atherothrombotic disease (NEAT)

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Vascular Medicine
• Public Health

Background:

• Limited real-world data exists on chronic arterial disease management in Latin America.
• The Network to control atherothrombosis (NEAT) registry provides contemporary prospective evidence from Brazil.
• Atherothrombotic disease management requires adherence to evidence-based therapies and risk factor control.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess adherence to secondary prevention guidelines in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Brazil.
• To evaluate the utilization of evidence-based therapies (EBTs) and achievement of risk factor targets.
• To identify barriers to optimal medical practice in atherothrombotic disease management.

Main Methods:

• Prospective observational study enrolling 2,003 patients with CAD and/or PAD across 25 Brazilian sites.
• Data collection included patient characteristics, medications, and laboratory results.
• Assessment of adherence to secondary prevention domains, including EBTs and lifestyle recommendations.

Main Results:

• Only 0.3% of patients met all secondary prevention criteria.
• 4% of patients were not on antithrombotic therapy; 1.5% used low-dose rivaroxaban.
• Medical judgment was the primary barrier to prescribing EBTs.

Conclusions:

• Contemporary atherothrombotic disease care in Brazil falls short of comprehensive secondary prevention standards.
• There is low adoption of new therapies and suboptimal risk factor management.
• Large-scale interventions are needed to improve evidence-based therapy use and reduce disease burden.