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Scaffold-free bone-like 3D structure established through osteogenic differentiation from human gingiva-derived stem
Masaaki Toyoda1, Takao Fukuda1, Ryota Fujimoto2
1Department of Periodontology, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports
|February 21, 2024
Summary
This study demonstrates a novel scaffold-free bone-like structure created using human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) and 3D bioprinting. This breakthrough advances regenerative medicine for bone defects.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Stem cell therapy shows promise for regenerative medicine but faces challenges in clinical application.
- Bone defects from trauma, surgery, or disease require effective regenerative solutions.
- Innovative techniques like 3D bioprinting are emerging for tissue engineering.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a scaffold-free, bone-like structure using 3D bioprinting and human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs).
- To evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of hGMSC spheroids within a 3D printed construct.
- To assess the feasibility of this approach for treating bone defects in regenerative medicine.
Main Methods:
- Human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs) were isolated and cultured.
- hGMSC spheroids were formed and characterized for stem cell markers and osteogenic potential.
- Spheroids were assembled into a cylindrical structure using a Bio-3D printer (Regenova®).
- The 3D printed construct was cultured in osteogenic medium for four weeks and analyzed for bone formation.
- Micro-CT (μCT) imaging, alizarin red, von Kossa, and immunofluorescent staining were used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Established hGMSC spheroids maintained stemness and osteogenic differentiation potential.
- A scaffold-free, cylindrical bone-like structure was successfully 3D bioprinted using hGMSC spheroids.
- Calcification was confirmed via alizarin red and von Kossa staining.
- μCT analysis showed Hounsfield Units (HU) comparable to trabecular bone.
- Osteocalcin expression indicated late-stage bone differentiation.
Conclusions:
- Successfully constructed a novel scaffold-free, bone-like luminal structure using assembled hGMSC spheroids via 3D bioprinting.
- This method represents a significant step towards clinical applications in regenerative medicine, particularly for bone defect treatment.
- The technique holds potential for creating patient-specific bone grafts without biomaterials.
Keywords:
Bio-3D printerHuman gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cellsOsteogenic-differentiationRegenerative medicineScaffold-freeMore Related Videos
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