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Young Children and the Creation of a Digital Identity on Social Networking Sites: Scoping Review

Valeska Berg1,2, Diana Arabiat1,2,3, Evalotte Morelius1,2,4

  • 1School of Nursing & Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.

JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting
|February 21, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Parents create children's digital identities on social media through "sharenting," leading to social or performative digital identities. Understanding these behaviors is crucial for safeguarding children online.

Area of Science:

  • Digital Identity Research
  • Child Development Online
  • Social Networking Studies

Background:

  • Limited understanding exists regarding the digital identity of young children formed via social networking sites.
  • Parental engagement on social media shapes children's online presence from an early age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key characteristics of digital identity for children (conception to 8 years) on social networking sites.
  • To explore the concept of digital identity formation in early childhood through a scoping review.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a scoping review following PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Searched major academic databases (EBSCO, Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC) and gray literature.
  • Included English-published articles reporting on children's digital identity and social networking sites.

Main Results:

  • "Sharenting" is the primary term for parents creating children's digital identities online.
  • Two main approaches identified: social digital identity (sharing/archiving) and performative digital identity.
  • Parents' motivations include sharing with family and creating digital archives, influenced by risks like identity theft.

Conclusions:

  • Digital identity creation for children is an emerging field.
  • Findings enhance understanding of "sharenting" to support parents and children in navigating online identity.
  • Future research should prioritize children's perspectives as key stakeholders.
Abstract

Keywords:
childrendigital identityperspectivesscoping reviewsharentingsocial networking sites

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