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A Micropatterning Assay for Measuring Cell Chirality
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Helical vasculogenesis driven by cell chirality.

Haokang Zhang1,2, Tasnif Rahman1,2, Shuhan Lu3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists engineered right-handed helical endothelial tubes using microfluidics, revealing cell chirality as key to vascular development and disease. Drug-induced changes in cell chirality reversed tube handedness, impacting permeability.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics and developmental biology, focusing on cellular morphogenesis and tissue engineering.

Background:

  • Cellular helical structures are vital in development and disease, but the mechanisms driving their formation are poorly understood.
  • Replicating these complex helical structures in controlled engineering systems remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spontaneous emergence of helical endothelial tubes in engineered systems.
  • To elucidate the role of inherent cell chirality in governing the handedness of these structures.
  • To explore the biomechanical factors regulating chiral morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced microfluidics to create and observe the spontaneous formation of helical endothelial tubes.
  • Analyzed chirality in engineered vessels and native mouse vascular tissues.
  • Employed small-molecule drugs to manipulate endothelial cell chirality and assess effects on vessel handedness and permeability.
  • Developed a three-dimensional cell vertex model to gain biomechanical insights.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the spontaneous emergence of right-handed helical endothelial tubes, driven by inherent cell chirality.
  • Confirmed a consistent right-handed chirality bias in mouse vascular tissues.
  • Showed that manipulating cell chirality with drugs dose-dependently reversed tube handedness and altered vascular permeability.
  • The cell vertex model highlighted the roles of cellular torque and tissue fluidity in chiral morphogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Unraveled a novel mechanism for vascular chiral morphogenesis governed by cell chirality and biomechanical forces.
  • Provides a controllable engineering system to study tubulogenesis and its implications in development and disease.
  • Offers new perspectives on the fundamental processes of tube formation in biological systems.