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Sequence homology within the morbilliviruses.

S Rozenblatt, O Eizenberg, R Ben-Levy

Journal of Virology

|February 1, 1985

Summary

Researchers cloned canine distemper virus (CDV) DNA, identifying a clone encoding the nucleocapsid protein. This CDV nucleocapsid gene shows significant homology to the measles virus gene, particularly in its central region.

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Area of Science:

Virology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a significant pathogen.
Understanding viral gene structure and evolution is crucial for developing countermeasures.
Nucleocapsid proteins play vital roles in viral replication and assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

To clone and characterize CDV DNA.
To compare the CDV nucleocapsid gene with that of measles virus.
To identify regions of homology and divergence between the two viruses.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of double-stranded cDNA from CDV-infected monkey kidney cell mRNA.
Cloning of cDNA into Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322.
Identification of CDV clones using hybridization techniques.
Northern blot analysis to determine mRNA size.
Heteroduplex mapping and nucleotide sequence analysis for gene comparison.

Main Results:

A cDNA clone (CDV 364) of 1,700 base pairs was isolated, representing the nucleocapsid protein mRNA.
The complementary mRNA species was 1,850 nucleotides long.
Significant homology was found between the CDV and measles virus nucleocapsid genes.
Three regions of homology were delineated: high (77% nucleotide, 88% amino acid identity), moderate (59% nucleotide, 66% amino acid identity), and low/no homology.

Conclusions:

The CDV nucleocapsid protein gene has been molecularly cloned and characterized.
Comparative analysis reveals substantial sequence conservation between CDV and measles virus nucleocapsid genes.
The identified homologous regions provide insights into the evolutionary relationship and functional similarities between these paramyxoviruses.

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