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Two artificial intelligence models underperform on examinations in a veterinary curriculum.

Michelle C Coleman, James N Moore

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

|February 21, 2024

Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) models like ChatGPT show limitations in veterinary science knowledge. GPT-4.0 performed better than GPT-3.5 but still scored lower than veterinary students, indicating cautious use is advised.

Keywords:

ChatGPT artificial intelligence curriculum education large language models

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Education
Artificial Intelligence in Education

Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) offer new educational possibilities.
Understanding AI's knowledge in veterinary science is crucial for educators and students.
ChatGPT platforms (GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0) require evaluation for their accuracy and consistency.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the knowledge level and response consistency of ChatGPT GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0.
To compare AI model performance against veterinary student knowledge.

Main Methods:

Utilized 495 multiple-choice and true/false questions from third-year veterinary courses.
Entered questions three times into GPT-3.5 and GPT-4.0, recording answers.
Compared AI-generated answers with faculty-provided correct answers.

Main Results:

GPT-3.5 achieved 55% performance; GPT-4.0 achieved 77% performance.
Both AI platforms scored significantly lower than veterinary students (86%).
GPT-4.0 demonstrated significantly improved performance over GPT-3.5 (P < .05).

Conclusions:

Current AI models like ChatGPT exhibit knowledge gaps in veterinary science.
Veterinary educators and students should exercise caution when using AI platforms for information retrieval.
Further research is needed to improve AI accuracy in specialized scientific domains.