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Published on: January 26, 2024
Preeclampsia/eclampsia impacts the structure and function of neonatal hearts probably by reducing myocardial
Zexin Li1, Jinxiu Zhu2, Yequn Chen3
1Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 57, Changping Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital), No. 6, Ailong Road, Shenzhen 518172, China.
Insights
Preeclampsia/Eclampsia (PE/E) in mothers is linked to neonatal myocardial non-compaction, a cardiac issue identified by echocardiographic radiomics. This advanced imaging technique reveals subtle cardiac changes in newborns exposed to PE/E.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal cardiology
- Medical imaging analysis
- Computational pathology
Background:
- Preeclampsia/Eclampsia (PE/E) presents significant risks to neonatal cardiac health.
- Traditional echocardiography has limitations in fully assessing PE/E's cardiac impact on newborns.
- Radiomics offers a novel approach to analyze complex cardiac features.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utility of echocardiographic radiomics in evaluating cardiac changes in neonates exposed to Preeclampsia/Eclampsia (PE/E).
- To identify specific radiomic features associated with PE/E in the neonatal population.
- To explore the relationship between PE/E and myocardial non-compaction using advanced imaging analysis.
Main Methods:
- Echocardiographic screening of 2594 neonates, with 556 selected for radiomics analysis.
- Extraction of cardiac shape, movement, and texture features using a radiomics approach.
- Application of a multiblock sparse partial least squares (sPLS) model to correlate radiomic features with PE/E exposure.
Main Results:
- Neonates from PE/E pregnancies showed reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (61.1% vs. 66.2%).
- The sPLS model identified 17 radiomic features significantly correlated with PE/E.
- Texture features indicative of myocardial non-compaction demonstrated the strongest correlation with PE/E (r=0.63).
Conclusions:
- Echocardiographic radiomics shows promise for assessing PE/E's impact on neonatal cardiac function.
- A significant correlation between PE/E and myocardial non-compaction highlights the need for targeted neonatal cardiac monitoring.
- Findings enhance understanding of PE/E's cardiac implications and may inform future clinical guidelines.
Purpose:
Preeclampsia/Eclampsia (PE/E) poses significant risks to neonatal cardiac health. Traditional echocardiographic methods have limitations in detailing these impacts. This study hypothesized that echocardiographic radiomics could provide a more comprehensive assessment of the cardiac changes in neonates affected by PE/E.
Method:
In a comprehensive analysis, 2594 neonates underwent echocardiographic screening. From these, 556 were selected for detailed radiomics analysis, focusing on cardiac shape, movement, and texture features. A multiblock sparse partial least squares (sPLS) model integrated these features to assess their association with PE/E.
Results:
Newborns from PE/E-affected pregnancies displayed lower left ventricular ejection fractions compared to the control group (61.1 % vs. 66.2 %). Our radiomics approach extracted 15,494 features per neonate, with the sPLS model identifying 17 features significantly correlated with PE/E. Among these, texture features representing myocardial non-compaction were most strongly correlated with PE/E (correlation coefficient r = 0.63). Detailed visualization of these texture features suggested that PE/E might lead to more pronounced myocardial non-compaction, characterized by a thicker non-compaction layer and increased cardiac trabeculation.
Conclusions:
Our findings demonstrate the potential of echocardiographic radiomics as a tool for assessing the impact of PE/E on neonatal cardiac function. The correlation between PE/E and myocardial non-compaction underlines the need for enhanced cardiac monitoring in neonates born to PE/E-affected mothers. This study contributes to a better understanding of PE/E's cardiac implications, potentially guiding future clinical practices.
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