Gout and incidence of 12 cardiovascular diseases: a case-control study including 152 663 individuals with gout and
Lyn D Ferguson1, Geert Molenberghs2, Geert Verbeke2
1School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, UK.
The Lancet. Rheumatology
|February 21, 2024
Summary
Gout patients face a significantly higher risk of developing various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure and arrhythmias. This increased risk is particularly pronounced in women and younger individuals, necessitating updated prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Gout is a common crystal arthropathy linked to elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
- Understanding how gout impacts diverse CVDs is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between gout and the incidence of a wide spectrum of cardiovascular diseases.
- To determine how this risk varies across different CVDs and demographic subgroups.
Main Methods:
- A matched case-control study utilizing UK electronic health records.
- Inclusion of over 150,000 individuals with gout and nearly 710,000 controls, matched for key demographics.
- Analysis of 12 specific cardiovascular diseases using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors.
Main Results:
- Patients with gout exhibited a 58% higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (HR 1.58).
- The excess risk was greater in women (HR 1.88) and individuals under 45 (HR 2.22).
- Gout was associated with increased risk across all 12 investigated cardiovascular diseases, even after adjusting for risk factors.
Conclusions:
- Gout patients have an elevated risk for a broad range of cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, arrhythmias, valve disease, and thromboembolic conditions.
- This excess risk is notably higher in women and younger populations.
- Clinical strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction in gout patients require enhancement and implementation.
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