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Programming pre-exercise snacks to prevent post-exercise hypoglycemia in intensively treated insulin-dependent
Annals of Internal Medicine
|April 1, 1985
Summary
Intensively treated diabetics exercising after fasting may experience delayed hypoglycemia. Consuming a slow-absorbing carbohydrate snack, like whole milk, effectively prevents this post-exercise drop in blood sugar.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Sports Medicine
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Intensive insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes requires careful management of exercise to prevent hypoglycemia.
- Post-exercise hypoglycemia can occur 1-2 hours after physical activity, even if glucose levels are stable during exercise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the efficacy of different pre-exercise snacks in preventing delayed post-exercise hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetics.
- To determine the optimal type of carbohydrate snack for managing blood glucose levels during and after exercise.
Main Methods:
- A randomized crossover study involving five intensively treated, insulin-dependent diabetic participants.
- Participants exercised for 45 minutes after fasting while on basal insulin, consuming one of three 13g carbohydrate snacks (orange juice, whole milk, skim milk) before exercise.
Main Results:
- All tested snacks prevented post-exercise hypoglycemia.
- Rapidly absorbed snacks (orange juice, skim milk) led to greater glucose increases during exercise compared to whole milk.
- Whole milk, a slower-absorbing carbohydrate, was identified as an appropriate pre-exercise snack.
Conclusions:
- Snack composition and carbohydrate absorption rate are crucial for managing exercise-induced hypoglycemia in diabetics.
- Whole milk is recommended as a pre-exercise snack for intensively treated, insulin-dependent diabetics due to its 'lente' carbohydrate profile, preventing delayed hypoglycemia.
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