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Related Concept Videos

iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Human Liver Spheroids from Peripheral Blood for Liver Disease Studies
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iPSC-derived cells for whole liver bioengineering.

Kayque Alves Telles-Silva1,2, Lara Pacheco1, Fernanda Chianca1

  • 1Human Genome and Stem-Cell Research Center (HUG-CEL), Institute of Biosciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|February 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Liver bioengineering offers a promising alternative to transplantation using decellularized or bioprinted scaffolds repopulated with cells. This approach addresses immune rejection and ethical concerns, paving the way for engineered organs.

Keywords:
bioengineeringbioprintingdecellularizationhuman induced pluripotent stem cellsliver

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biotechnology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional liver transplantation faces challenges including immune rejection, donor shortages, and ethical considerations.
  • Liver bioengineering presents an alternative by creating artificial scaffolds for organ regeneration.
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a potential source for repopulating these scaffolds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in *in vitro* hepatocyte differentiation protocols for liver bioengineering.
  • To highlight the role of these protocols in scaffold recellularization and bioprinting.
  • To discuss future directions for liver bioengineering applications.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularization of native liver tissue to create acellular scaffolds.
  • Bioprinting techniques for scaffold fabrication and cell deposition.
  • Development and optimization of *in vitro* hepatocyte differentiation protocols from iPSCs.

Main Results:

  • Successful repopulation of decellularized and bioprinted scaffolds with differentiated iPSC-derived hepatocytes.
  • Demonstration of increasingly functional engineered liver tissue *in vitro*.
  • Identification of key protocols for efficient hepatocyte differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • Liver bioengineering, utilizing iPSC-derived hepatocytes and advanced scaffold techniques, offers a viable alternative to traditional transplantation.
  • Optimized *in vitro* differentiation protocols are crucial for successful liver recellularization and bioprinting.
  • Future research in liver bioengineering holds potential for drug screening and disease modeling.