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Related Concept Videos

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
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Systems-wide view of host-pathogen interactions across COVID-19 severities using integrated omics analysis.

Mairembam Stelin Singh1,2, Anand Pyati3, R Devika Rubi4

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, SCLS, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.

Iscience
|February 22, 2024
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Summary

COVID-19 severity is linked to how the body handles protein production. Mild cases boost translation, while severe cases slow it down, revealing a paradoxical host response.

Keywords:
OmicsVirology

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The mechanisms behind varying COVID-19 severity (mild to severe) remain unclear.
  • Understanding gene expression markers is crucial for predicting disease progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key gene expression markers associated with COVID-19 severity.
  • To explore the host-pathogen interactions influencing disease manifestations.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated analysis of host-pathogen protein-protein interactions and viral-induced host gene expression.
  • RNA-sequencing data analysis from peripheral blood mononuclear cells across disease spectrum.
  • Pathway enrichment analysis focusing on SARS-CoV-2 targeted host proteins.

Main Results:

  • Identified differentially expressed genes across mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19.
  • SARS-CoV-2 targeted pathways strongly associated with ribosomal biogenesis, translation, and translocation.
  • These pathways were upregulated in mild cases but downregulated in severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 exhibits a paradoxical host response concerning protein synthesis.
  • Mild infections may boost host/viral translation, whereas severe infections suppress it.
  • This suggests distinct molecular mechanisms underlying different COVID-19 severity levels.