Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children with Multiple Sclerosis
Roy Aloni1,2, Alon Kalron2,3, Assaf Goodman4
1Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Israel.
Journal of Attention Disorders
|February 22, 2024
Summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is common in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), with nearly half of patients diagnosed. Those with both ADHD and cognitive impairment experienced longer disease duration, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and intervention in POMS.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Neuroimmunology
Background:
- Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) affects children and adolescents, impacting the central nervous system.
- Attention difficulties are common in POMS, but the relationship with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and cognitive performance is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of ADHD in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS).
- To examine the relationship between ADHD, cognitive performance, and disease characteristics in POMS patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case review of 66 pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients diagnosed between 2012 and 2021.
- Assessment for ADHD diagnosis by a pediatric neurologist and collection of sociodemographic, disease-related, and cognitive data.
Main Results:
- Nearly half of POMS patients (47%) received an ADHD diagnosis, and 44% had cognitive impairment.
- Four patient profiles emerged: ADHD only (26%), cognitive impairment only (23%), ADHD with cognitive impairment (21%), and POMS only (30%).
- Patients with both ADHD and cognitive impairment had a significantly longer disease duration.
Conclusions:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is notably prevalent in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis.
- Early diagnosis of ADHD in POMS is critical for timely interventions and supportive care.
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