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High prevalence of hepatitis B virus among MSM living with HIV in India

Hussain Syed Iqbal1, Mihili P Gunaratne2, Talia A Loeb2

  • 1YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Chennai, India.

Journal of Viral Hepatitis
|February 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains prevalent among people living with HIV (PWH), particularly men who have sex with men (MSM). Targeted screening, vaccination, and integrated care programs are crucial for this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • People living with HIV (PWH) face a disproportionately higher burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection due to shared transmission routes.
  • Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at elevated risk for both HBV and HIV, increasing their susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and associated factors of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, indicated by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in India.

Main Methods:

  • A weighted and adjusted multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed.
  • Data were collected from MSM living with HIV across 12 Indian cities between 2012 and 2013.
  • Prevalence and correlates of HBsAg positivity were characterized.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of HBsAg was 8%, with significant city-level variations (0.5%-19%).
  • Increased odds of HBsAg positivity were associated with age groups 25-34 and 35-44, certain employment statuses (daily/seasonal/unemployed), and specific sexual behaviors (sex with both genders, sex work history).
  • Conversely, engaging in insertive sex with men or hijra was negatively associated with HBV.

Conclusions:

  • Despite available vaccines, HBV poses a significant public health challenge for people living with HIV (PWH), especially MSM.
  • There is an urgent need for enhanced HBV screening, vaccination initiatives, and health literacy programs.
  • Integrating HBV and HIV services for MSM populations is critical for managing this dual infection burden and improving health outcomes.
Keywords:
HBV‐HIV co‐infectionIndiahepatitis B virusmen who have sex with menpersons living with HIV

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