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Updated: Jul 2, 2025
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Imaging Approaches to Assessments of Toxicological Oxidative Stress Using Genetically-encoded Fluorogenic Sensors
Published on: February 7, 2018
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Oxidation processes and me
1Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland; ENAC, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1000, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Water Research
|February 22, 2024
Summary
Chemical oxidation effectively removes micropollutants in water treatment, but understanding reaction kinetics and transformation products is key. Research over 30 years has improved process management and application for cleaner water.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Chemistry
- Water Treatment Technologies
- Oxidation Processes
Background:
- Chemical oxidation is crucial for micropollutant abatement in water.
- Early assessments focused solely on target compound removal, neglecting broader impacts.
- Understanding reaction kinetics and transformation products is vital for process feasibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize 30+ years of research on chemical oxidation for water treatment.
- To highlight the evolution of assessing process efficiency beyond simple abatement.
- To discuss the complexities and advancements in managing chemical oxidation processes.
Main Methods:
- Kinetic analysis using second-order rate constants.
- Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) for predicting reactivity.
- Evaluation of transformation product formation and toxicity.
- Assessment of oxidant reactions with water matrix components like dissolved organic matter (DOM).
Main Results:
- Extensive databases for second-order rate constants are now available.
- QSAR models enable predictions for compounds lacking experimental data.
- Chemical oxidation processes are often inefficient due to high oxidant consumption by DOM (>99%).
- Formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is a significant concern.
Conclusions:
- Chemical oxidation processes are complex but well-understood after decades of research.
- Optimized application is feasible in various water treatment systems (drinking water, wastewater, reuse).
- Continued research is needed to address transformation product impacts and process efficiency.
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