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Orthopox viruses: is the threat growing?
Erik Boehm1, Kathrin Summermatter2, Laurent Kaiser1
1Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
Summary
Orthopox viruses, including Mpox, pose ongoing biosafety and biosecurity risks. Strengthening global regulations and vaccination efforts is crucial to prevent future outbreaks and bioterrorism threats.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Public Health
- Biosecurity
Background:
- Smallpox eradication did not eliminate orthopox virus threats.
- The ongoing Mpox outbreak highlights growing risks from these viruses.
- Bioterrorism and engineered orthopox viruses present significant concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze current biosafety and biosecurity threats from orthopox viruses.
- To inform strategies for mitigating emerging infectious disease risks.
Main Methods:
- Review of published scientific literature.
- Analysis of news articles and global health reports.
- Examination of international biosecurity agreements.
Main Results:
- Many nations lack adequate biosecurity regulations for advanced technologies.
- Reconstruction of smallpox or enhanced orthopox virus transmission is feasible.
- Neglected endemic regions increase vulnerability to outbreaks.
Conclusions:
- Urgent mitigation strategies are necessary, including targeted vaccination campaigns.
- Strengthening national biosafety/biosecurity regulations is essential.
- Enhanced international cooperation and aid are vital to prevent future pandemics.
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