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Association between sinusitis and incident rheumatic diseases: a population-based study.

Vanessa L Kronzer1, John M Davis2, Andrew C Hanson3

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA kronzer.vanessa@mayo.edu.

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Summary

Antecedent sinusitis significantly increases the risk of developing various rheumatic diseases, including antiphospholipid syndrome and Sjögren's disease. This suggests sinus inflammation may play a role in the development of these conditions.

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Antiphospholipid SyndromeArthritis, RheumatoidAutoimmune DiseasesEpidemiologySjogren's Syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Rheumatic diseases encompass a group of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions affecting joints, muscles, and connective tissues.
  • The etiology of many rheumatic diseases remains incompletely understood, with potential environmental triggers being investigated.
  • Sinusitis, an inflammation of the sinuses, is a common condition with potential systemic implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between a history of sinusitis and the subsequent development of various rheumatic diseases.
  • To determine if sinusitis is a potential risk factor or predictor for incident rheumatic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based case-control study design was employed, including individuals diagnosed with rheumatic diseases between 1995 and 2014.
  • Three controls were matched to each case based on age, sex, and duration of electronic health record history.
  • Sinusitis was identified using diagnosis codes, and logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for rheumatic disease incidence, adjusted for confounders.

Main Results:

  • The study identified 1729 incident rheumatic disease cases and 5187 controls.
  • Preceding sinusitis was linked to an elevated risk of antiphospholipid syndrome (OR 7.0), Sjögren's disease (OR 2.4), vasculitis (OR 1.4), and polymyalgia rheumatica (OR 1.4).
  • Acute sinusitis was associated with an increased risk of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.8), and the association was strongest in the 5-10 years prior to disease onset and in never-smokers.

Conclusions:

  • A history of sinusitis is associated with an increased incidence of several rheumatic diseases.
  • These findings suggest that sinus inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the biological mechanisms linking sinusitis and rheumatic disease development.