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Sex based differences in functional connectivity during a working memory task: an fNIRS study.

Sima Shirzadi1, Mehrdad Dadgostar2, Zahra Einalou2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Frontiers in Psychology
|February 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sex influences brain connectivity during working memory tasks. Females showed better performance and more effective brain utilization, with distinct hemispheric connectivity patterns compared to males across different difficulty levels.

Keywords:
fNIRSfunctional connectivitypartial correlationsex differenceswavelet transformworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Sex differences in brain structure and function are crucial for understanding behavior and neuropsychiatric disorders.
  • Recent research highlights the impact of sex on brain connectivity patterns, particularly in working memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in brain functional connectivity during working memory tasks.
  • To analyze how working memory load affects these sex-based connectivity patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure brain activity.
  • Participants (9 males, 9 females) completed a dual n-back task with varying difficulty levels.
  • Functional connectivity matrices were analyzed for each subject and memory load.

Main Results:

  • Females made fewer errors and utilized brain resources more effectively than males.
  • Males showed stronger left-hemisphere connectivity, while females exhibited stronger right-hemisphere connectivity.
  • Hemispheric connectivity trends diverged between sexes as working memory load increased.

Conclusions:

  • Sex significantly impacts brain functional connectivity during cognitive tasks.
  • Understanding these sex-specific network dynamics is vital for advancing neuroscience and clinical applications.
  • The findings underscore the importance of considering sex in neuroimaging studies of cognitive function.