Perovskite materials in X-ray detection and imaging: recent progress, challenges, and future prospects

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Detector Technology

Background:

• Perovskite materials are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional X-ray detectors due to their unique optoelectronic properties.
• Organic-inorganic hybrids (OIHs), all-inorganic, and lead-free perovskites are being explored for X-ray detection applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive chronological review of perovskite-based X-ray detection technologies.
• To analyze synthesis methods, structural modifications, and device architectures for enhanced radiation sensing performance.
• To critically assess factors influencing device performance and identify future research directions.

Main Methods:

• Review of diverse synthesis techniques including single crystallization, thin/thick film, and wafer growth.
• Analysis of structural modifications and device architectures.
• Comparative performance evaluation of different perovskite forms (SCs, films, wafers) and traditional detectors.

Main Results:

• Single crystal (SC)-based perovskite X-ray detectors exhibit superior performance, including lower trap density, higher resistivity, and longer carrier lifetimes.
• SC devices demonstrate outstanding sensitivity and the lowest detectable dose rate (LDDR), outperforming amorphous selenium and CZT detectors.
• Film-based devices suffer from defects, while wafer-based devices are hindered by voids, limiting their performance.

Conclusions:

• Perovskite single crystals represent the most advanced form for high-performance X-ray detection.
• Structural modifications are key to achieving high performance and stability in perovskite X-ray detectors.
• This review serves as a roadmap for perovskite X-ray detection and imaging research, highlighting current challenges and future opportunities.