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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Co-immunoprecipitation of the Mouse Mx1 Protein with the Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein
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Crossprotection induced by virus-like particles containing influenza dual-hemagglutinin and M2 ectodomain

Jie Mao1, Gi-Deok Eom1, Keon-Woong Yoon1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.

Nanomedicine (London, England)
|February 23, 2024
PubMed

Aims: To develop an effective universal vaccine against antigenically different influenza viruses. Materials & methods: We generated influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) expressing the H1 and H3 antigens with or without M2e5x. VLP-induced immune responses and crossprotection against H1N1, H3N2 or H5N1 viruses were assessed to evaluate their protective efficacy. Results: H1H3M2e5x immunization elicited higher crossreactive IgG antibodies than H1H3 VLPs. Upon challenge, both VLPs enhanced lung IgG, IgA and germinal center B-cell responses compared with control. While these VLPs conferred protection, H1H3M2e5x showed greater lung viral load reduction than H1H3 VLPs with minimal body weight loss. Conclusion: Utilizing VLPs containing dual-hemagglutinin, along with M2e5x, can be a vaccination strategy for inducing crossprotection against influenza A viruses.

Keywords:
M2e5xhemagglutinininfluenza virusuniversal vaccinevirus-like particles

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