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Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2025

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry

A Simple and Efficient Method to Detect Nuclear Factor Activation in Human Neutrophils by Flow Cytometry

Published on: April 9, 2013

Cell Surface Parameters for Accessing Neutrophil Activation Level with Atomic Force Microscopy.

Oksana M Tilinova¹, Vladimir Inozemtsev², Ekaterina Sherstyukova²

¹Sarov Physics and Technology Institute, MEPhI, 607186 Sarov, Russia.

|February 23, 2024

Summary

Neutrophil activation involves significant cell surface changes within 30 minutes, potentially due to reactive oxygen species. Atomic force microscopy reveals early granular structures and allows estimation of activation degree using surface parameters.

Keywords:

Ringing mode activation adhesion atomic force microscopy cell surface glycocalyx neutrophil reactive oxygen

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Immunology
Biophysics

Background:

Neutrophils are crucial immune cells involved in inflammatory responses.
Understanding neutrophil activation dynamics is key to studying immune function and disease.
Cell surface topography and adhesion properties change during neutrophil activation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the topographical and adhesion changes on the neutrophil cell surface during activation.
To identify key surface parameters that correlate with neutrophil activation time.
To establish a method for estimating neutrophil activation using atomic force microscopy.

Main Methods:

Utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to image neutrophil cell surface topography and adhesion.
Employed confocal laser scanning microscopy to observe internal cellular reorganization.
Analyzed cell surface parameters and their correlation with activation time.

Main Results:

Significant neutrophil cell surface changes were observed within the first 30 minutes of activation.
Surface granular structures were visible as early as 10 minutes post-activation via AFM.
Three spatial surface parameters were identified that correlate with neutrophil activation time.

Conclusions:

Neutrophil activation is a dynamic process with rapid cell surface alterations.
AFM imaging provides valuable insights into neutrophil activation mechanisms.
The identified surface parameters enable quantitative estimation of neutrophil activation degree.