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Related Concept Videos

Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula01:29

Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula

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Oxygen therapy is critical to patient care, especially for those struggling with respiratory issues. This intervention increases the oxygen concentration in the lungs, enhancing the amount of oxygen transported to the body's tissues. One standard method of delivering supplemental oxygen is through a nasal cannula, a non-invasive device that provides low to medium oxygen concentrations.
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A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split into two prongs placed in the nostrils,...
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Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask01:26

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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
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Administering Oxygen by Mask01:30

Administering Oxygen by Mask

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Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
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Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

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Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
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Administering Nitric Oxide (NO) with High Flow Nasal Cannulas: A Simple Method.

Vladimir L Cousin1,2, Raphael Joye3, Angelo Polito1

  • 1Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Advances in Respiratory Medicine
|February 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a simple method for delivering inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) non-invasively. This approach benefits spontaneously breathing patients needing oxygen and positive airway pressure via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).

Keywords:
high-flow nasal cannulanitric oxidepediatric intensive care unitpulmonary hypertension

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonary Physiology
  • Respiratory Therapy

Background:

  • Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator used in intensive care units (ICUs).
  • Traditional iNO administration requires endotracheal intubation, limiting its use in spontaneously breathing patients.
  • Spontaneously breathing patients may benefit from iNO for conditions like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pulmonary hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a simple, effective method for non-invasive iNO administration.
  • To enable iNO delivery to spontaneously breathing patients via high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC).
  • To facilitate the use of iNO in patients requiring supplemental oxygen and positive airway pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing standard, commercially available equipment for both iNO administration and HFNC.
  • Integrating the iNO delivery system with the HFNC device.
  • Describing the setup and procedural steps for safe and effective delivery.

Main Results:

  • The described method allows for the delivery of iNO to spontaneously breathing patients.
  • Successful integration of iNO administration with HFNC was achieved.
  • The technique is feasible using readily available clinical equipment.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive iNO delivery via HFNC is a viable option for spontaneously breathing patients.
  • This method expands the application of iNO therapy in critical care settings.
  • Further research may explore the clinical outcomes and efficacy of this approach.