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State of the Art in Pediatric Anesthesia: A Narrative Review about the Use of Preoperative Time

Fabio Sbaraglia1, Christian Cuomo1, Filomena Della Sala1

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|February 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric anesthesia requires specialized care, focusing on provider expertise and a parent-inclusive approach. Optimizing preoperative evaluations and environments enhances safety and efficacy for young patients.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric anesthesia presents unique challenges due to children's distinct physiology and anatomy.
  • Vulnerability of pediatric patients necessitates high provider skill and tailored perioperative strategies.
  • The parent-child relationship is integral to successful pediatric anesthesia management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and emphasize the critical components of pediatric anesthesia care.
  • To highlight the importance of a comprehensive preoperative evaluation process.
  • To discuss the role of structural resources and standardized protocols in enhancing pediatric anesthesia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and best practices in pediatric anesthesia.
  • Detailed examination of the preoperative evaluation, including medical history, physical examination, and fasting guidelines.
  • Consideration of premedication strategies and the significance of re-evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Provider expertise and a patient/family-centered preanesthetic mindset are paramount.
  • Thorough preoperative evaluation, including updated fasting guidelines and premedication, is crucial.
  • Child-friendly environments and appropriate support facilities are essential structural components.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized protocols and guidelines are needed for pediatric anesthesia.
  • Centralization of pediatric anesthesia practices can improve clinical efficacy.
  • A holistic approach encompassing clinical skills, family engagement, and optimized environments is vital.

Keywords:
anesthesiachildrenfastingneonatesperioperative medicinepremedicationpreoperative assessmenttesting

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