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Correlation between Tooth Position Parameters and Apical Fenestration: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study.

Carlos Henrique Ferrari1, Lara Steffany de Carvalho2, Caroline Trefiglio Rocha1

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São José dos Campos 12245-000, SP, Brazil.

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Summary

Apical fenestration, a bone defect near the root apex, is significantly linked to tooth position. This dental anatomy study found specific associations in upper and lower teeth, impacting treatment planning.

Keywords:
apical fenestrationcone-beam computed tomographytooth position

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
  • Dental Anatomy

Background:

  • Apical fenestration is a defect in the alveolar bone at the root apex.
  • Understanding its prevalence and relationship with tooth position is crucial for dental treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between apical fenestration and tooth position in all teeth, excluding third molars.
  • To analyze the distribution and correlation of apical fenestration with various tooth positions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 800 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans (400 maxillary, 400 mandibular).
  • Examined scans for apical fenestration by a radiologist and endodontist.
  • Performed statistical analyses using chi-square or Fisher's exact test.

Main Results:

  • A significant association (p ≤ 0.05) was found between apical fenestration and tooth position.
  • Apical fenestrations were more prevalent in the mesio-buccal and disto-buccal roots of upper first molars.
  • Negative correlations observed with mesial inclination, rotation, and extrusion; positive correlation with lingual inclination in upper teeth.

Conclusions:

  • Apical fenestration distribution varies with tooth position in both arches.
  • Tooth position is a significant factor influencing the occurrence of apical fenestration.
  • Findings provide insights into dental anatomy and factors affecting this bone defect.