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A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
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Updated Clinical Guidelines on the Management of Hepatitis C Infection in Children

Chaowapong Jarasvaraparn1, Christopher Hartley2, Wikrom Karnsakul3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46201, USA.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects children, risking serious liver complications. Updated guidelines and new direct-acting antivirals offer improved management and treatment options for pediatric HCV infection.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in children, though less prevalent than in adults, poses significant long-term health risks, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
  • Vertical transmission from infected mothers is a key concern, necessitating screening for newborns.
  • The global prevalence of HCV in children is estimated at 0.87%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical guidelines for managing pediatric hepatitis C virus infection.
  • To summarize recent advancements in screening, diagnosis, and long-term monitoring of HCV in children.
  • To provide an overview of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatments and ongoing research for pediatric HCV.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of updated clinical guidelines for pediatric HCV management.
  • Analysis of published clinical trials and ongoing research on DAA therapies in children.
  • Literature search for epidemiological data on HCV prevalence in pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • Two pan-genotype DAA regimens (Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) are available for children.
  • Current guidelines emphasize screening for infants born to HCV-positive mothers.
  • Ongoing research focuses on optimizing DAA treatment efficacy and safety in pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Effective screening and diagnostic strategies are crucial for early detection of HCV in children.
  • Advances in DAAs have transformed treatment possibilities for pediatric HCV.
  • Continued research is essential to refine treatment protocols and ensure long-term outcomes for children with HCV infection.

Keywords:
DAAsNATSVR12direct-acting antiviralshepatitis C virus (HCV)nucleic acid testsustained virological response at 12 weeks after treatment

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