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The Canine Vaginal Flora: A Large-Cohort Retrospective Study
Anna Sophia Leps1, Babette Klein2, Marianne Schneider2
1Unit for Reproductive Medicine-Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 15, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Veterinary Sciences
|February 23, 2024
Summary
Canine vaginal flora is diverse, with many bacterial species found in both healthy and sick dogs. Antibiotic treatment should not solely rely on bacterial findings but also clinical examination to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Canine Reproduction
Background:
- Microbiological examinations are common in canine breeding management and reproductive health assessments.
- Evaluating bacterial findings is complex due to opportunistic pathogens, and breeders may seek antibiotics without clear medical need.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the aerobic vaginal flora in bitches.
- To contribute to understanding canine vaginal microbiota for responsible antibiotic use amidst rising antimicrobial resistance.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 23,254 vaginal swab results from aerobic microbiological cultures.
- Data collected from three commercial laboratories in Germany between 2015 and 2021.
Main Results:
- Identification of 319 bacterial species, frequently occurring in mixed cultures.
- Commonly identified bacteria include Escherichia coli, beta-hemolytic Streptococci, coagulase-positive Staphylococci, Pasteurellales, and aerobic sporulators.
- Demonstrated significant diversity in the canine vaginal flora.
Conclusions:
- Canine vaginal flora exhibits high diversity in both healthy and reproductively affected bitches.
- Findings support previous research on physiological canine vaginal flora.
- Bacterial culture results alone are insufficient for prescribing antimicrobial treatment; clinical gynecological examination is crucial.
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