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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

The Replica Set Method: A High-throughput Approach to Quantitatively Measure Caenorhabditis elegans Lifespan
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Noncoding RNA Contribution to Aging and Lifespan.

Alejandro P Ugalde1, David Roiz-Valle1, Lucas Moledo-Nodar1

  • 1Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
|February 23, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a crucial role in the aging process and age-related diseases. Understanding these molecules offers new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for healthy aging.

Keywords:
circRNAslncRNAsmicroRNAsrRNAssnoRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process leading to decreased fitness and increased risk of chronic diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
  • Identifying the molecular mechanisms of aging is crucial for developing interventions to promote healthy aging.
  • Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators in molecular biology and disease processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of ncRNAs in the aging process.
  • To provide an overview of aging-associated ncRNAs and their mechanisms of action.
  • To explore the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers for age-related conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ncRNAs and aging.
  • Analysis of different types of ncRNAs involved in aging.
  • Examination of the regulatory functions and therapeutic potential of ncRNAs.

Main Results:

  • ncRNAs are implicated in various aspects of aging and age-related diseases.
  • Specific ncRNAs have been identified as key players in the aging cascade.
  • ncRNAs demonstrate potential as biomarkers for aging and related pathologies.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNAs are significant regulators of the aging process.
  • Targeting ncRNAs may offer novel strategies for promoting healthy aging.
  • ncRNAs hold promise as biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring age-related diseases.