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Independent data collectors decrease bias in the measurement of adherence to anterior cruciate ligament injury
Janet Hsu1, Daphne I Ling2, Brandon L Schneider1
1Sports Medicine Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York 10021, USA.
Using independent data collectors reliably measures adherence to neuromuscular training (NMT) for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention. This method avoids self-reporting bias, enhancing the validity of NMT adherence research.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Injury Prevention
Background:
- Adherence to neuromuscular training (NMT) is crucial for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention.
- Previous studies often rely on self-reported adherence, introducing potential bias.
- Objective assessment methods are needed to accurately measure NMT program adherence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the reliability of using independent data collectors to assess adherence to NMT programs.
- To compare adherence data collected by independent observers with self-reported data.
- To determine if independent data collection reduces bias in NMT adherence studies.
Main Methods:
- A cluster-randomized controlled trial involved high school athletic teams.
- Eight data collectors, unaffiliated with the teams, recorded NMT exercise adherence during warm-ups.
- Inter-observer reliability was assessed by comparing data collectors' observations with those of independent observers using the Kappa statistic.
Main Results:
- A total of 399 warm-ups were observed for adherence data.
- Kappa values for exercise instruction and alignment cues ranged from 0.63 to 1.0, indicating substantial to perfect agreement.
- Overall Kappa values of 0.89 for instruction and 0.90 for alignment demonstrated almost perfect agreement.
Conclusions:
- Independent data collectors provide a reliable method for measuring adherence to NMT programs.
- This objective approach can significantly decrease bias compared to self-reporting in NMT adherence research.
- Implementing independent data collection enhances the validity of findings in ACL injury prevention studies.
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